Property 4: Publisher

The name of the entity that holds, archives, publishes prints, distributes, releases, issues, or produces the resource

4. Publisher

Required Occurrences: 1-n

Definition: The name of the entity that holds, archives, publishes prints, distributes, releases, issues, or produces the resource. This property will be used to formulate the citation, so consider the prominence of the role.

Allowed values, examples, other constraints:

Examples: World Data Center for Climate; GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam; University of Cape Town; African Institute for Mathematical Sciences

DOCiD™ Implementation:

Publishers are managed through the PublicationOrganization model with ROR integration for institutional identification:

PublicationOrganization Model - Publisher Information

                                    class PublicationOrganization(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'publication_organizations'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    publication_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('publications.id'), nullable=False)
    
    # Organization Information
    name = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
    type = Column(String(255), nullable=False)  # University, Institute, Government
    other_name = Column(String(255))
    country = Column(String(255))
    
    # ROR Integration
    identifier = Column(String(500))      # ROR URL: https://ror.org/01ggx4157
    identifier_type = Column(String(50))  # 'ror', 'grid', 'isni'
                                

Database Implementation

PublicationOrganization Model

Core Model Table: publication_organizations

Complete model structure for managing publisher information with international identifier support:

Complete PublicationOrganization Schema

                                    class PublicationOrganization(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'publication_organizations'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    publication_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('publications.id'), nullable=False, index=True)
    
    # Organization Information
    name = Column(String(255), nullable=False)              # Official name
    type = Column(String(255), nullable=False)              # Organization type
    other_name = Column(String(255))                        # Alternative names
    country = Column(String(255))                           # Country location
    
    # International Identifiers  
    identifier = Column(String(500))       # Full resolvable URL (e.g., https://ror.org/02nr0ka47)
    identifier_type = Column(String(50))   # Type (e.g., 'ror', 'grid', 'isni')

    # Relationships
    publication = relationship('Publications', back_populates='publication_organizations')
                                

Supported Publisher Identifiers:

ROR ID: https://ror.org/01ggx4157 (Research Organization Registry)
GRID ID: grid.7836.a (Global Research Identifier Database)
ISNI: https://isni.org/isni/0000000121678087 (International Standard Name Identifier)
Crossref Member ID: Crossref publisher identifiers
VIAF ID: http://viaf.org/viaf/123456789 (Virtual International Authority File)

African Research Publishers

Institution	Country	ROR ID	Type	Specialization
University of Cape Town	South Africa	01ggx4157	University	Comprehensive Research
University of Ghana	Ghana	05591te55	University	West African Studies
American University in Cairo	Egypt	03gc78e51	University	Middle Eastern Studies
University of the Witwatersrand	South Africa	03rp50963	University	Mining & Engineering
CSIR South Africa	South Africa	0145zh013	Research Institute	Applied Sciences
University of Ibadan	Nigeria	01za5dv85	University	Humanities & Social Sciences
Université Cheikh Anta Diop	Senegal	03qx6w235	University	Francophone Research
Kenya Education Network (KENET)	Kenya	04b4z2r68	Network Organization	Educational Technology

Publisher Type Classifications

Academic Institutions

University: Comprehensive higher education institutions
College: Specialized higher education institutions
Technical Institute: Vocational and technical training
Research University: Research-intensive universities
Community College: Local community education

Research Organizations

Government Research Institute: State research organizations
Private Research Institute: Independent research entities
International Organization: Multinational research bodies
Think Tank: Policy research organizations
Laboratory: Specialized research facilities

Government Entities

Ministry: Government ministerial departments
Agency: Government agencies and parastatals
Council: Research councils and boards
Commission: Regulatory and oversight bodies
Archive: National archives and libraries

International Organizations

NGO: Non-governmental organizations
Foundation: Research foundations
Network: Research networks and consortia
Alliance: Multi-institutional alliances
Union: Professional unions and societies

API Implementation

Publication Creation with Publisher Information

                            POST /api/v1/publications/publish
Authorization: Bearer {jwt_token}
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "document_title": "Climate Change Adaptation in Southern Africa",
    "document_description": "Comprehensive analysis of climate adaptation strategies...",
    "document_docid": "DOCID.UCT.2024.003",
    "resource_type_id": 1,
    "creators": [...],
    "organizations": [
        {
            "name": "University of Cape Town",
            "type": "University",
            "country": "South Africa",
            "identifier": "https://ror.org/01ggx4157",
            "identifier_type": "ror",
            "role": "Publisher"
        },
        {
            "name": "African Climate Research Initiative",
            "type": "Research Institute",
            "country": "South Africa",
            "identifier": "https://ror.org/example123",
            "identifier_type": "ror",
            "role": "Co-Publisher"
        }
    ]
}
                        

ROR Integration - Organization Search

                            GET /api/v1/ror/search?query=university%20cape%20town
Authorization: Bearer {jwt_token}

Response:
{
    "status": "success",
    "data": {
        "organizations": [
            {
                "ror_id": "https://ror.org/01ggx4157",
                "name": "University of Cape Town",
                "country": "South Africa",
                "types": ["Education"],
                "aliases": ["UCT"],
                "external_ids": {
                    "GRID": {"all": "grid.7836.a"},
                    "ISNI": {"all": ["0000 0004 1937 1151"]},
                    "Wikidata": {"all": ["Q951305"]}
                },
                "addresses": [
                    {
                        "city": "Cape Town",
                        "country_geonames_id": 953987,
                        "geonames_city": {
                            "city": "Cape Town",
                            "geonames_admin1": {
                                "name": "Western Cape",
                                "ascii_name": "Western Cape"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}
                        

Publisher Examples by Research Type

Research Type	Primary Publisher	Co-Publishers	Example Publication
Traditional Medicine	University of Cape Town	South African Medical Research Council	Medicinal Plants Database of Southern Africa
Agricultural Research	University of Ghana	CGIAR Research Centers	Drought-Resistant Crop Varieties for West Africa
Environmental Studies	American University in Cairo	African Union Commission	Nile Basin Climate Change Assessment
Cultural Heritage	University of Ibadan	UNESCO	Digital Archive of Yoruba Oral Traditions
Mathematical Sciences	African Institute for Mathematical Sciences	International Mathematical Union	Mathematical Modeling for African Development

Validation Rules

Publisher Validation Requirements

Required Field: At least one publisher organization must be specified
Name Validation: Organization name cannot be empty
ROR Verification: ROR IDs are validated against the ROR API
Type Classification: Publisher type must use controlled vocabulary
Country Codes: ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes required
Identifier Format: URL format required for ROR, GRID, and ISNI identifiers
Duplicate Prevention: Same organization cannot be listed multiple times

3. Title 5. Resource Type